A shortage of copper in the mid 1960s caused builders to increase the use of aluminum wire in residential electrical distribution systems from the few large-power circuits (i.e., for electric clothes dryers and ranges), to general purpose 15- and 20-ampere-rated circuits. Homes built before 1965 are unlikely to have aluminum branch circuit wiring. Electrical cables installed between 1965 and the mid 1970s in new homes, in additions, and as part of rewired/new circuits may contain aluminum wiring.
A national survey conducted by Franklin Research Institute for CPSC (The U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission) showed that homes built before 1972, and wired with aluminum, are 55 times more likely to have one or more wire connections at outlets reach “Fire Hazard Conditions”1 than homes wired with copper. Because of electrical failures involving the wiring, it became apparent that while a continuous run of aluminum wire does not present a problem, when that wire is connected to outlets and light switches — and even to other wires in junction boxes — the connection can deteriorate and become a fire hazard.
Sounds scary, right? Yes, it is a definite red flag if you discover that the home you want to buy has aluminum wiring that has not been repaired. If the wiring has not been repaired you most likely will not be able to get homeowner’s insurance either. Definitely a problem. Not a liability I’d want to have.
So what can be done? CPSC has three recommended repairs for aluminum wiring. You need to feel comfortable with the choice you make and work closely with the Seller and your Realtor to make sure the issues are remedied. You don’t have to lose your next home because of this, but you do need to make some changes.
CPSC can recommend repair methods or products only where there is satisfactory, documented evidence that the methods or products are safe, effective, and permanent. Based on those standards, as of this date, CPSC approves of only three methods for a permanent repair.
1) Complete Replacement of Copper Cable
2) COPALUM Method of Repair
3) Acceptable Alternative Repair – Method/AlumiConn Connector (since COPALUM is not available in all areas)
For additional information check out the CPSC Report on Repairing Aluminum Wiring.
Bring in electricians and inspectors to give you professional estimates and to provide certificates of repair. This is not something a homeowner (even Mr. /Mrs.Handy) should be taking care of alone. The danger is too great and needs to be addressed.